怎么在spring boot中使用junit进行单体测试-亚博电竞手机版

这篇文章给大家介绍怎么在spring boot中使用junit进行单体测试，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。

pom设定

pom中需要添加spring-boot-starter-test

 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test 

确认依赖

使用java进行unit测试至少需要junit之类的测试框架，另外spring boot相关的测试还应该有一些mock相关的依赖，这个spring-boot-starter-test到底包含什么，可以使用maven dependency来进行确认一下。

使用命令：mvn dependency:tree

结果信息：

[info]---maven-dependency-plugin:3.0.2:tree(default-cli)@springbootdemo--- [info]com.liumiaocn:springbootdemo:jar:0.0.1-snapshot [info] -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]|| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]|| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]|| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]||| -ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile [info]||||\-ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile [info]||| -org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.10.0:compile [info]||||\-org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.10.0:compile [info]|||\-org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile [info]|| -javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile [info]||\-org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.19:runtime [info]| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]|| -com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.7:compile [info]||| -com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile [info]|||\-com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.7:compile [info]|| -com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.7:compile [info]|| -com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.7:compile [info]||\-com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.7:compile [info]| -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.0.6.release:compile [info]|| -org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:8.5.34:compile [info]|| -org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:8.5.34:compile [info]||\-org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:8.5.34:compile [info]| -org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.13.final:compile [info]|| -javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.final:compile [info]|| -org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.final:compile [info]||\-com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.3.4:compile [info]| -org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]||\-org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]|\-org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]| -org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]| -org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]|\-org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]\-org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:2.0.6.release:test [info] -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:jar:2.0.6.release:test [info] -org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:jar:2.0.6.release:test [info] -com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:jar:2.4.0:test [info]| -net.minidev:json-smart:jar:2.3:test [info]||\-net.minidev:accessors-smart:jar:1.2:test [info]||\-org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.4:test [info]|\-org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.25:compile [info] -junit:junit:jar:4.12:test [info] -org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:3.9.1:test [info] -org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:2.15.0:test [info]| -net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:jar:1.7.11:test [info]| -net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:jar:1.7.11:test [info]|\-org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.6:test [info] -org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test [info] -org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test [info] -org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:jar:1.5.0:test [info]|\-com.vaadin.external.google:android-json:jar:0.0.20131108.vaadin1:test [info] -org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info]|\-org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.0.10.release:compile [info] -org.springframework:spring-test:jar:5.0.10.release:test [info]\-org.xmlunit:xmlunit-core:jar:2.5.1:test

在org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:2.0.6.release:test下面我们看到了junit:junit:jar:4.12:test以及org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:2.15.0:test的信息，这是spring boot已经整理完毕的内容，我们只需要写testcase即可。

创建测试目录

根据惯例创建测试目录如下：

liumiaocn:srcliumiao$ls maintest liumiaocn:srcliumiao$find.-typed . ./test ./test/java ./test/java/com ./test/java/com/liumiaocn ./test/java/com/liumiaocn/springbootdemo ./main ./main/resources ./main/java ./main/java/com ./main/java/com/liumiaocn ./main/java/com/liumiaocn/springbootdemo liumiaocn:srcliumiao$

创建测试用例

代码示例

liumiaocn:srcliumiao$cat./test/java/com/liumiaocn/springbootdemo/springbootdemoapplicationtests.java packagecom.liumiaocn.springbootdemo; importorg.junit.test; importorg.junit.runner.runwith; importorg.springframework.boot.test.context.springboottest; importorg.springframework.test.context.junit4.springrunner; @runwith(springrunner.class) @springboottest publicclassspringbootdemoapplicationtests{ @test publicvoidcontextloads(){ } } liumiaocn:srcliumiao$

代码说明

• coc：根据惯例进行定义测试类的名称

• springboottest注解：springboottest是1.4之后引入的一个注解，使得springboot的测试变得更加方便

• runwith注解：使用了此注解的情况下，junit会调用runwith中所指定的类。不同的框架提供相应的runner用于测试，比如junit自己的junit4.class，在比如spring的springjunit4classrunner或者springrunner，都可与之结合使用。

• test注解：junit的常用注解之一，用于定义测试方法，不再赘述。

执行测试

命令： mvn test

部分执行内容如下：

[info]results: [info] [info]testsrun:1,failures:0,errors:0,skipped:0

关于怎么在spring boot中使用junit进行单体测试就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。